Chemistry DeMYSTiFieD, 2nd Edition | DeMystified

Chemistry DeMYSTiFieD, 2nd Edition

Authors: Linda Williams

Published: April 2011

eISBN: 9780071751315 0071751319 | ISBN: 9780071751308

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1 Chemistry

What Is Matter?

What Is Modern Chemistry?

Basic and Applied Science

Scientific Method

Hypothesis

Measurements

Precision Versus Accuracy

Conversion Factors

Quiz

Chapter 2 Atomic Structure and Theory

What are Atoms?

Beginnings of Atomic Theory

Molecules

Quiz

Chapter 3 Elements and the Periodic Table

What Is Matter?

Chemical Nomenclature

Atomic Number

Atomic Weight

Classes of Elements

Periods and Groups

Metallurgy—The Chemistry of Metals

Quiz

Chapter 4 Solids and Liquids

What are Solids?

Crystallization and Bonding

Properties of a Solid

Mixtures

Compounds

What are Liquids?

Quiz

Chapter 5 Gases and the Gas Laws

What are Gases?

Atmosphere

Kinetic Energy and Gas Theory

Atmospheric Pressure

Empirical Gas Laws

Avogadro’s Law

Ideal Gas Law

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

Quiz

Chapter 6 Solutions

What is a Solution?

Solubility Rules

What is a Mole?

Molar Mass

Molarity

Percent Solution

Changing the Concentration

Quiz

Chapter 7 Orbitals

What are Orbitals?

Electron Energy Levels

Subshells and the Periodic Table

Ionization Energy

Valence Bond Theory

Molecular Orbital Theory

Resonance Theory

Molecular Geometry

Quiz

Chapter 8 Chemical Bonds

What are Covalent Bonds?

Covalent Compounds

Polarity

Naming Covalent Compounds

What are Ions?

Ionic Bonds

Quiz

Chapter 9 Electrochemistry

Introduction to Electrochemistry

What is Oxidation and Reduction (Redox)?

Balancing Redox Reactions

Oxidation State

What is an Electrochemical Cell?

What is Electrolysis?

Conductors and Insulators

Quiz

Chapter 10 Acids and Bases

What are Acids and Bases?

Arrhenius Theory

Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Neutralization

Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs

Why is Hydrogen Important?

pH Scale

Buffers

Acids, Bases, and Safety

Quiz

Chapter 11 Thermodynamics

What is Thermodynamics?

Potential and Kinetic Energy

What is Standard State?

First Law of Thermodynamics

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Gibbs Free Energy

Chemical Kinetics

Equilibrium

Le Châtelier’s Principle

Why is Thermodynamics So Important?

Quiz

Chapter 12 Organic Chemistry: All about Carbon

What is Organic Chemistry?

Carbon—More Amazing than Ever

Hydrocarbons

Naming Organics

Bond Polarity

Common Functional Groups

Isomers

Organic Reactions

Quiz

Chapter 13 Biochemistry

What is Biochemistry?

Hydrocarbons—Hydrophilic Versus Hydrophobic

Carboxylic Acids

Esters

Amines

Amides

Phenols

What are Proteins?

What are Enzymes?

What are Carbohydrates?

What are Lipids?

Biological Markers

Nanomedicine

Quiz

Chapter 14 Environmental Chemistry

What is Environmental Chemistry?

Contamination

What is Acid Rain?

Greenhouse Effect

Biodegradable

Quiz

Chapter 15 Nuclear Chemistry

What is Radioactivity?

Isotopes

Nuclear Reactions and Balance

What is Radioactive Decay?

Radiation Detection

Magic Numbers

What is Half-Life?

Radiation Exposure

Radiation Dosage

Nuclear Medicine

Other Radioactive Element Use

Radioactive Waste

Quiz

Final Exam

Answers to Quizzes and Final Exam

Appendix: SI Base Units and Conversions

Glossary

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

References and Internet Sites

Chemistry-at-a-Glance Study Sheets

Periodic Table

Index