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CITATION

Gross, Frank. Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications. US: McGraw-Hill Professional, 2005.

Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications

Authors: Frank Gross

Published:  September 2005

eISBN: 9780071588959 0071588957 | ISBN: 9780071447898
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  • Contents
  • Preface
  • Chapter 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 What is a Smart Antenna?
  • 1.2 Why are Smart Antennas Emerging Now?
  • 1.3 What are the Benefits of Smart Antennas?
  • 1.4 Smart Antennas Involve Many Disciplines
  • 1.5 Overview of the Book
  • References
  • Chapter 2. Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Fields
  • 2.1 Maxwell’s Equations
  • 2.2 The Helmholtz Wave Equation
  • 2.3 Propagation in Rectangular Coordinates
  • 2.4 Propagation in Spherical Coordinates
  • 2.5 Electric Field Boundary Conditions
  • 2.6 Magnetic Field Boundary Conditions
  • 2.7 Planewave Reflection and Transmission Coefficients
  • 2.7.1 Normal incidence
  • 2.7.2 Oblique incidence
  • 2.8 Propagation Over Flat Earth
  • 2.9 Knife-Edge Diffraction
  • References
  • Problems
  • Chapter 3. Antenna Fundamentals
  • 3.1 Antenna Field Regions
  • 3.2 Power Density
  • 3.3 Radiation Intensity
  • 3.4 Basic Antenna Nomenclature
  • 3.4.1 Antenna pattern
  • 3.4.2 Antenna boresight
  • 3.4.3 Principal plane patterns
  • 3.4.4 Beamwidth
  • 3.4.5 Directivity
  • 3.4.6 Beam solid angle
  • 3.4.7 Gain
  • 3.4.8 Effective aperture
  • 3.5 Friis Transmission Formula
  • 3.6 Magnetic Vector Potential and the Far Field
  • 3.7 Linear Antennas
  • 3.7.1 Infinitesimal dipole
  • 3.7.2 Finite length dipole
  • 3.8 Loop Antennas
  • 3.8.1 Loop of constant phasor current
  • References
  • Problems
  • Chapter 4. Array Fundamentals
  • 4.1 Linear Arrays
  • 4.1.1 Two element array
  • 4.1.2 Uniform N-element linear array
  • 4.1.3 Uniform N-element linear array directivity
  • 4.2 Array Weighting
  • 4.2.1 Beamsteered and weighted arrays
  • 4.3 Circular Arrays
  • 4.3.1 Beamsteered circular arrays
  • 4.4 Rectangular Planar Arrays
  • 4.5 Fixed Beam Arrays
  • 4.5.1 Butler matrices
  • 4.6 Fixed Sidelobe Canceling
  • 4.7 Retrodirective Arrays
  • 4.7.1 Passive retrodirective array
  • 4.7.2 Active retrodirective array
  • References
  • Problems
  • Chapter 5. Principles of Random Variables and Processes
  • 5.1 Definition of Random Variables
  • 5.2 Probability Density Functions
  • 5.3 Expectation and Moments
  • 5.4 Common Probability Density Functions
  • 5.4.1 Gaussian density
  • 5.4.2 Rayleigh density
  • 5.4.3 Uniform density
  • 5.4.4 Exponential density
  • 5.4.5 Rician density
  • 5.4.6 Laplace density
  • 5.5 Stationarity and Ergodicity
  • 5.6 Autocorrelation and Power Spectral Density
  • 5.7 Correlation Matrix
  • References
  • Problems
  • Chapter 6. Propagation Channel Characteristics
  • 6.1 Flat Earth Model
  • 6.2 Multipath Propagation Mechanisms
  • 6.3 Propagation Channel Basics
  • 6.3.1 Fading
  • 6.3.2 Fast fading modeling
  • 6.3.3 Channel impulse response
  • 6.3.4 Power delay profile
  • 6.3.5 Prediction of power delay profiles
  • 6.3.6 Power angular profile
  • 6.3.7 Prediction of angular spread
  • 6.3.8 Power delay-angular profile
  • 6.3.9 Channel dispersion
  • 6.3.10 Slow fading modeling
  • 6.4 Improving Signal Quality
  • 6.4.1 Equalization
  • 6.4.2 Diversity
  • 6.4.3 Channel coding
  • 6.4.4 MIMO
  • References
  • Problems
  • Chapter 7. Angle-of-Arrival Estimation
  • 7.1 Fundamentals of Matrix Algebra
  • 7.1.1 Vector basics
  • 7.1.2 Matrix basics
  • 7.2 Array Correlation Matrix
  • 7.3 AOA Estimation Methods
  • 7.3.1 Bartlett AOA estimate
  • 7.3.2 Capon AOA estimate
  • 7.3.3 Linear prediction AOA estimate
  • 7.3.4 Maximum entropy AOA estimate
  • 7.3.5 Pisarenko harmonic decomposition AOA estimate
  • 7.3.6 Min-norm AOA estimate
  • 7.3.7 MUSIC AOA estimate
  • 7.3.8 Root-MUSIC AOA estimate
  • 7.3.9 ESPRIT AOA estimate
  • References
  • Problems
  • Chapter 8. Smart Antennas
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 The Historical Development of Smart Antennas
  • 8.3 Fixed Weight Beamforming Basics
  • 8.3.1 Maximum signal-to-interference ratio
  • 8.3.2 Minimum mean-square error
  • 8.3.3 Maximum likelihood
  • 8.3.4 Minimum variance
  • 8.4 Adaptive Beamforming
  • 8.4.1 Least mean squares
  • 8.4.2 Sample matrix inversion
  • 8.4.3 Recursive least squares
  • 8.4.4 Constant modulus
  • 8.4.5 Least squares constant modulus
  • 8.4.6 Conjugate gradient method
  • 8.4.7 Spreading sequence array weights
  • 8.4.8 Description of the new SDMA receiver
  • References
  • Problems
  • Index