Genitourinary Imaging Cases

Genitourinary Imaging Cases

Authors: David D. Casalino, Paul Nikolaidis, Frank H. Miller and Nancy A. Hammond

Published: 2010

ISBN: 9780071479127 0071479120

CONTENTS

Foreword

Series Editor’s Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1: Solid Renal Masses

Case 1.1: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Case 1.2: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma with Fat on MR

Case 1.3: Renal Cell Carcinoma in Dialysis Patients

Case 1.4: Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

Case 1.5: Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma

Case 1.6: Renal Cell Carcinoma Staging

Case 1.7: Birt-Hogg-DubÃ© Syndrome

Case 1.8: Renal Medullary Carcinoma

Case 1.9: Collecting Duct Carcinoma

Case 1.10: Renal Lymphoma

Case 1.11: Perirenal Lymphoma

Case 1.12: Extranodal Lymphoid Hyperplasia Involving the Kidney

Case 1.13: Renal Liposarcoma

Case 1.14: Renal Leiomyosarcoma

Case 1.15: Renal Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma

Case 1.16: Perirenal Extramedullary Plasmacytoma

Case 1.17: Metastatic Lesion to the Kidney from Squamous Lung Cancer

Case 1.18: Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor

Case 1.19: Renal Oncocytoma

Case 1.20: Angiomyolipoma on CT and Its Complications

Case 1.21: Echogenic Renal Mass Caused by Angiomyolipoma

Case 1.22: Angiomyolipoma on MR

Case 1.23: Tuberous Sclerosis with Angiomyolipomas

Case 1.24: Renal Medullary Fibroma

Case 1.25: Renal Hemangioma

Case 1.26: Metanephric Adenoma

Case 1.27: Renal Capsule Leiomyoma

Case 1.28: Perinephric Hemorrhage Caused by Renal Mass

Chapter 2: Renal Cysts and Cystic Diseases

Case 2.1: Simple Cyst

Case 2.2: Bosniak Category II Cystic Renal Mass

Case 2.3: Bosniak Category IIF Cystic Renal Mass

Case 2.4: Bosniak Category III Cystic Renal Mass

Case 2.5: Bosniak Category IV Cystic Renal Mass

Case 2.6: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Case 2.7: Cystic Kidney in von Hipple-Lindau Syndrome

Case 2.8: Tuberous Sclerosis

Case 2.9: Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney

Case 2.10: Multilocular Cystic Nephroma

Case 2.11: Acquired Renal Cystic Disease

Case 2.12: Unilateral Renal Cystic Disease

Case 2.13: Medullary Cystic Kidney Disease

Chapter 3: Renal Infection

Case 3.1: Acute Pyelonephritis

Case 3.2: Emphysematous Pyelonephritis

Case 3.3: Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis

Case 3.4: Renal Abscess

Case 3.5: Renal Tuberculosis—Early Reactivation

Case 3.6: Renal Tuberculosis—Phantom Calyx

Case 3.7: “Putty Kidney’’ Secondary to Chronic Renal Tuberculosis

Case 3.8: Renal Malakoplakia

Case 3.9: Reflux Nephropathy

Chapter 4: Parenchymal Disease

Case 4.1: Diabetic Nephropathy

Case 4.2: Lupus Nephritis

Case 4.3: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Nephropathy

Case 4.4: Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Case 4.5: Radiation Nephropathy

Case 4.6: Cortical Nephrocalcinosis

Case 4.7: Medullary Nephrocalcinosis from Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis

Case 4.8: Renal Medullary Sponge

Case 4.9: Acute Tubular Necrosis from Contrast

Case 4.10: Papillary Necrosis

Chapter 5: Renal Vascular Disease and Renal Transplantation

Part 1: Renal Vascular Disease

Case 5.1: Renal Artery Stenosis Secondary to Arteriosclerosis

Case 5.2: Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Case 5.3: Renal Artery Arteriovenous Malformation

Case 5.4: Renal Artery Aneurysm

Case 5.5: Polyarteritis Nodosa

Case 5.6: Renal Infarction

Case 5.7: Nutcracker Syndrome

Case 5.8: Renal Vein Bland Thrombosis

Case 5.9: Tumor Thrombus Involving Renal Vein

Part 2: Renal Transplantation

Case 5.10: Posttransplant Renal Artery Stenosis

Case 5.11: Transplant Renal Arteriovenous Fistula

Case 5.12: Transplant Renal Pseudoaneurysm

Case 5.13: Renal Vein Thrombosis in Renal Transplant

Case 5.14: Acute Rejection

Case 5.15: Hydronephrosis in Transplanted Kidney

Case 5.16: Posttransplant Urinoma

Case 5.17: Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Chapter 6: Renal Pelvis, Sinus, Ureter

Case 6.1: Pelvocalyceal Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Case 6.2: Invasive Upper Urinary Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Case 6.3: Ureteral Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Case 6.4: Upper Collecting System Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Case 6.5: Adenocarcinoma of the Upper Collecting System

Case 6.6: Extraureteral Malignancies Involving the Ureter

Case 6.7: Fibroepithelial Polyp

Case 6.8: Leukoplakia

Case 6.9: Pyeloureteritis Cystica

Case 6.10: Upper Urinary Tract Fungal Infection

Case 6.11: Renal Sinus Cysts

Case 6.12: Renal Sinus Lipomatosis

Case 6.13: Replacement Lipomatosis of the Kidney (Fibrolipomatosis)

Case 6.14: Lymphoma Infiltrating Renal Sinus

Case 6.15: Antopol-Goldman Lesion

Case 6.16: Ureteral Pseudodiverticulosis

Case 6.17: Ureterocele

Case 6.18: Pseudoureterocele

Case 6.19: Ureterosciatic Hernia

Chapter 7: Urolithiasis, Obstruction

Case 7.1: Obstructive Urolithiasis

Case 7.2: Forniceal Rupture

Case 7.3: Nephrolithiasis

Case 7.4: Staghorn Calculi

Case 7.5: Protease Inhibitor Stones

Case 7.6: Steinstrasse

Case 7.7: Hydronephrosis of Pregnancy

Chapter 8: Bladder

Case 8.1: Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder (Part 1)

Case 8.2: Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder (Part 2)

Case 8.3: Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

Case 8.4: Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Bladder (Urachal)

Case 8.5: Urothelial Carcinoma in a Bladder Diverticulum

Case 8.6: Small Cell Bladder Tumor

Case 8.7: Bladder Lymphoma

Case 8.8: Bladder Leiomyosarcoma

Case 8.9: Paraganglioma of the Bladder

Case 8.10: Bladder Leiomyoma

Case 8.11: Bladder Diverticulum (Acquired)

Case 8.12: Bladder Diverticulum (Congenital)

Case 8.13: Infected Urachal Cyst

Case 8.14: Infectious Cystitis

Case 8.15: Emphysematous Cystitis

Case 8.16: Hemorrhagic Cystitis

Case 8.17: Cystitis Cystica and Cystitis Glandularis

Case 8.18: Bladder Schistosomiasis

Case 8.19: Neurogenic Bladder

Case 8.20: Bladder Outlet Obstruction

Case 8.21: Bladder Calculi

Case 8.22: Primary Localized Amyloidosis of the Bladder

Case 8.23: Bladder Herniation

Case 8.24: Bladder Fistula

Case 8.25: Cystocele

Case 8.26: Chyluria after Partial Nephrectomy

Case 8.27: Pelvic Lipomatosis

Chapter 9: Urethra

Case 9.1: Normal Urethra

Case 9.2: Female Urethral Carcinoma

Case 9.3: Male Urethral Carcinoma

Case 9.4: Urethral Stricture

Case 9.5: Gonococcal Urethritis

Case 9.6: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans, or Penile Lichen Sclerosus

Case 9.7: Urethral Fistula

Case 9.8: Urethral Diverticulum

Chapter 10: Urinary Tract Trauma

Case 10.1: Subcapsular Hematoma

Case 10.2: Renal Contusion

Case 10.3: Renal Laceration

Case 10.4: Shattered Kidney

Case 10.5: Vascular Pedicle Injury

Case 10.6: Traumatic Ureteropelvic Junction Injury

Case 10.7: Iatrogenic Ureteral Injury

Case 10.8: Anterior Urethral Injuries

Case 10.9: Posterior Urethral Trauma

Case 10.10: Extraperitoneal Bladder Rupture

Case 10.11: Intraperitoneal Bladder Rupture

Chapter 11: Normal Variants and Congenital Anomalies

Case 11.1: Renal Agenesis

Case 11.2: Persistent Fetal Lobation

Case 11.3: Dromedary Hump

Case 11.4: Hypertrophied Column of Bertin

Case 11.5: Renal Lobar Dysmorphism

Case 11.6: Junctional Parenchymal Defect

Case 11.7: Ureter Herniation with Ligation in Patient with Crossed Fused Renal Ectopia

Case 11.8: Renal Cell Carcinoma in Patient with Horseshoe Kidney

Case 11.9: Nephroptosis

Case 11.10: Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction

Case 11.11: Duplication of the Collecting System

Case 11.12: Blind-Ending Ureteral Duplication

Case 11.13: Retrocaval, or Circumcaval, Ureter

Case 11.14: Primary Megaureter

Case 11.15: Calyceal Diverticulum

Chapter 12: Prostate and Penis

Case 12.1: Prostate Carcinoma

Case 12.2: Metastatic Prostate Carcinoma

Case 12.3: Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Case 12.4: Prostatitis

Case 12.5: Prostatic Abscess

Case 12.6: Prostatic Cystic Mass

Case 12.7: Seminal Vesicle Cyst and Renal Agenesis

Case 12.8: Penile Cancer

Case 12.9: Penile Fracture

Case 12.10: Peyronie Disease

Chapter 13: Scrotum

Case 13.1: Epididymitis

Case 13.2: Epididymal Abscess

Case 13.3: Orchitis

Case 13.4: Tuberculous Epididymitis and Orchitis

Case 13.5: Testicular Infarction Caused by Acute Infection

Case 13.6: Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis

Case 13.7: Fournier Gangrene

Case 13.8: Testicular Torsion

Case 13.9: Torsion of the Epididymal Appendix

Case 13.10: Scrotoliths

Case 13.11: Unilateral Striated Testicle from Fibrosis

Case 13.12: Testicular Rupture

Case 13.13: Extratesticular Scrotal Hematoma

Case 13.14: Germ Cell Tumor of the Testes

Case 13.15: Azzopardi Tumor

Case 13.16: Testicular Microlithiasis

Case 13.17: Testicular Lymphoma

Case 13.18: Testicular Plasmacytoma (Plasma Cell Myeloma)

Case 13.19: Leydig Cell Tumor

Case 13.20: Testicular Sarcoidosis

Case 13.21: Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Testis

Case 13.22: Epidermoid Cyst

Case 13.23: Cysts of Tunica Albuginea

Case 13.24: Cysts and Tubular Ectasia of the Rete Testis

Case 13.25: Cystadenoma of the Rete Testis

Case 13.26: Intratesticular Varicocele

Case 13.27: Polyorchidism

Case 13.28: Cryptorchid Testis

Case 13.29: Seminoma in Undescended Testes

Case 13.30: Spermatocele

Case 13.31: Adenomatoid Tumors

Case 13.32: Extratesticular Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma

Case 13.33: Spermatic Cord Lipoma

Case 13.34: Spermatic Cord Liposarcoma

Case 13.35: Varicocele

Chapter 14: Adrenal Gland

Case 14.1: Adrenal Adenoma on Unenhanced CT

Case 14.2: Adrenal Adenoma Washout

Case 14.3: Adrenal Adenoma on MR

Case 14.4: Atypical Adrenal Adenoma on MR

Case 14.5: Adrenal Metastasis

Case 14.6: Adrenal Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma Mimicking Adenoma

Case 14.7: Adrenal Collision Tumor

Case 14.8: Cystic Pheochromocytoma, Low-Density Mass on CT

Case 14.9: Adrenal Pheochromocytoma with Hemorrhage

Case 14.10: Paraganglioma of Organ of Zuckerkandl

Case 14.11: Adrenal Myelolipoma

Case 14.12: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma

Case 14.13: Adrenal Lymphoma

Case 14.14: Adrenal Neuroblastoma

Case 14.15: Adrenal Hemangioma

Case 14.16: Adrenal Cyst

Case 14.17: Adrenal Lymphangioma

Case 14.18: Adrenal Ganglioneuroma

Case 14.19: Adrenal Hemorrhage without Mass

Case 14.20: Adrenal Gland Trauma

Case 14.21: Adrenal Hyperplasia

Case 14.22: Adrenal Insufficiency

Chapter 15: Retroperitoneum

Case 15.1: Retroperitoneal Leiomyosarcoma

Case 15.2: Leiomyosarcoma of the Inferior Vena Cava

Case 15.3: Intravenous Leiomyomatosis

Case 15.4: Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma

Case 15.5: Retroperitoneal Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma

Case 15.6: Retroperitoneal Lymphoma

Case 15.7: Retroperitoneal Metastases

Case 15.8: Retroperitoneal Schwannoma

Case 15.9: Retroperitoneal Ganglioneuroma

Case 15.10: Retroperitoneal Lymphangioma

Case 15.11: Retroperitoneal Fibrosis

Case 15.12: Extramedullary Hematopoiesis

Case 15.13: Inflammatory Aneurysm of the Abdominal Aorta

Case 15.14: Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Case 15.15: Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage

Case 15.16: Retroperitoneal Abscess

Chapter 16: Female Pelvis

Part 1: Uterus

Case 16.1: Uterine Fibroidsâ€”General

Case 16.2: Submucosal Uterine Fibroids

Case 16.3: Subserosal Uterine Fibroids

Case 16.4: Uterine Artery Embolization

Case 16.5: Uterine Lipoleiomyoma

Case 16.6: Uterine Leiomyosarcoma

Case 16.7: Diffuse Adenomyosis

Case 16.8: Focal Adenomyosis and Adenomyoma

Case 16.9: Endometrial Hyperplasia

Case 16.10: Endometrial Changes from Tamoxifen

Case 16.11: Endometrial Cancer

Case 16.12: Malignant Mixed MÃ¼llerian Tumors (Uterine Carcinosarcoma)

Case 16.13: MÃ¼llerian Agenesis/Hypoplasia and the Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster Hauser (MRKH) Syndrome

Case 16.14: Endometrioma

Case 16.15: Deep Pelvic Endometriosis

Case 16.16: Pelvic Congestion Syndrome

Case 16.17: Septate Uterus

Case 16.18: Bicornuate Uterus

Case 16.19: Unicornuate Uterus

Case 16.20: Uterus Didelphys

Part 2: Cervix

Case 16.21: Cervical Cancer I and II

Case 16.22: Cervical Cancer Stage III/IV

Case 16.23: Adenoma Malignum

Case 16.24: Cervical Leiomyoma (Fibroid)

Part 3: Vagina

Case 16.25: Primary Vaginal Cancer

Case 16.26: Vaginal Hemangioma

Case 16.27: Vulvar Carcinoma

Case 16.28: Gartner Duct Cyst

Case 16.29: Bartholin Cyst

Part 4: Ovary

Case 16.30: Ovarian Cancer

Case 16.31: Ovarian Cystadenoma

Case 16.32: Dermoid Cyst (Mature Cystic Teratoma)

Case 16.33: Hemorrhagic Ovarian Cyst

Case 16.34: Ovarian Fibroma

Case 16.35: Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Ovary

Case 16.36: Brenner Tumor of the Ovary

Case 16.37: Ovarian Cystadenofibroma

Case 16.38: Ovarian Lymphoma

Case 16.39: Ovarian Metastasis

Case 16.40: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Case 16.41: Paraovarian Cyst

Case 16.42: Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst

Case 16.43: Ovarian Torsion

Case 16.44: Ovarian Vein Thrombosis

Part 5: Fallopian Tube

Case 16.45: Fallopian Tube Carcinoma

Case 16.46: Hydrosalpinx

Case 16.47: Tubo-Ovarian Abscess

Case 16.48: Salpingitis Isthmica Nodosa

Index